Search This Blog

Sunday, December 26, 2010

Devastating economic water issues unwatched by Media and NFC


The multi-dimensional water crisis created due to endemic water miss-management are not reported by the Media. Integrated Comprehensive water management and its components are Federal works for the provinces. It includes the components of flood control, (by building Katzarah Dam, Guroh Dop Dam, and the generation of hydropower). Its vital components are modernization of the wasteful and obsolete canal irrigation system as complete whole, to save massive wastage of water (equal to 8 times the storage of Basha Dam). Its integral part is drainage system that is missing in the Indus basin and shall have to be provided to remove and control salinity, sodicity and water logging. It includes the control on silt flow in the Indus to avoid rapid silting of reservoirs. These are not provincial subjects and are beyond the means of provinces to handle. Media vigorously exposed corruption, it should also expose multi-dimensional water issues and NFC to provide funds

See my web site on water issues and solutions:     ( fatehuk.blogspot.com)

I wonder if the Media and NFC know the apparent and hidden water issues!

This paper highlights two dozens multi-dimensional water crisis and economic blunders.

The Government, the bureaucracy, and the Parliament, failed to foresee and set right the multidimensional water and power crisis that devastated the country and the people, causing about 200 billion dollars losses. So much so, that even the Government does not know many of the existing silent multi-dimensional water crisis. Media and also NFC remained unaware, and silent to highlight these economic issues while distributing funds. Media represents people and is the admonitory agency to trigger activities. This sharp-edged-sword-agency should give more time to national economic development. It has great responsibility in building the Nation. Now-a-days Media obliges multifarious persons of little advantage by publishing their articles who want to raise their self-ego. The previous policy of Media was excellent as it use to keep the nation well informed of economic problems and developments. Media has ignored the multiple, devastating, economic water issues including flood control and hydropower. The President, and the Prime Minister are inaccessible so as to bring water issues to their notice. In such cases, their personal patronage is vital otherwise water issues will continue. Media should divert politics to the solution of water crisis and its development.

I have recently found that Newspapers are not publishing articles on the basis of their importance and public interest. For example, the endemic water miss-management is ignored. The media is not highlighting multi-dimensional water crisis, power crises that crippled the nation, flood crises that devastated 22% of the country, drainage crises that deteriorated the Indus basin causing salinity, sodicity and water logging, rapid silting crisis of reservoirs, food, and agriculture issues. The basic necessities of life have become very difficult to get. These crisis have raised the prices, stopped business and industrial activities and made jobs difficult. The policy of media needs change in the economic interest of the nation and in creating awareness about multiple water crisis.

Media should give regular time to capable specialists and experts to appear on TV Channels to give suggestions, and their views published in Newspapers. Experts should give suggestions and point out flaws. This will create revolution in development and assist Government and the people to build nation. The bureaucrats should be asked to come out of the status quo in which they are stuck. The country is facing devastating economic issues. These issues require support of Media to awaken the Government and the bureaucracy. Consider journalist engineers for regular reporting. The multiple economic crises for implement are: 

The implementation of the Integrated Comprehensive Water Mismanagement with all its components is vitally required. It includes canal system modernization to avoid colossal wastage of water, (8 times the storage of Basha Dam), storage of floodwater that goes waste, providing missing drainage system, carry out silt control, replacing flood irrigation method, replacing endemic WARABANDI besides land reclamation to eradicate and control salinity, sodicity and water logging and so on.  

The crippling multidimensional water issues that need immediate attention of the Media for inviting Government participation are;

Development of Water Resources by building mega, multipurpose Dams to store water for irrigating barren lands to meet food requirements of the rapidly growing population, control floods, and generate hydropower to remove crippling load shedding that caused about 100 billion dollars losses to the nation. Hydropower is the key to development.

Control the Super floods by building the unique, multipurpose, 35-maf of Katzarah Dam on the Indus that will generate 15,000 MW of Hydropower, store massive water for Irrigation, and effectively act as watershed management dam to control silt flow from the highly erodible soil of Skardu valley. Katzarah Dam will thus increase the life of Basha Dam from its estimated life of 80 or 90 years to about 800 years. Life of Tarbela will increase by about 50 years. The benefit would be worth at least $ 2000.

Controlling Super floods in Kabul River by building huge, multipurpose, 8.5-maf Guroh Dop Dam on Panjkora River that has an excellent capacity-inflow ratio to give long life span. Munda as proposed is a single purpose power dam on run-of-the-river. Munda Dam has negligible live storage capacity of 0.67 maf only. This negligible storage of 0.67 maf cannot control a flood discharge of 400,000 cusecs in Kabul River equal to 560 times the storage volume of Munda Dam. Chairman WAPDA wrongly stated in the daily The News dated November 27, 2010 that Munda will control floods in Kabul River to protect Nowshera.

By this date, we have lost due to silting a combine storage capacity up to about 7.0 maf in Tarbela and Mangla. This requires immediate replacement by a mega dam. Implementation of Water Accord paras 2, 4, 6, and replacement of lost storage at Tarbela and Mangla need (12.35+7+…)=19.35+… maf of water. Katzarah Dam can only meet this huge demand. Water Accord para 14(e), requires water management to save massive wastage of water in Canal Irrigation System.

The Indus River requires channelization to reduce huge losses (up to 16 maf) from the 14 miles wide riverbed between Chashma to Gddu barrage that includes theft of water. It will reclaim millions of acres of land on both sides of the riverbank for growing forest along the Indus River. Channelization would be easy after damming the Indus.

Modernization by water management of the 150 years old, endemic, wasteful, incompatible, and obsolete Canal Irrigation System in the Indus Basin will save about 50 maf of water equal to more than 8 times the storage capacity of Basha Dam or Kalabagh Dam. Neither the Media nor the Government paid attention to this endemic, wasteful system. The water issues if allowed to continue like this, will bring hunger and bloody revolutions in the near future. These economic problems are beyond the reach of provinces to finance. Therefore, Federal Government must set them right.

All natural surface drains in the country are blocked by encroachments due to negligence, as no body followed the “Canal and Drainage Act of 1887” to maintain surface drains. This has created sanitary problems. More serious is the problem, that rain and floodwater is held up for 5 months as during this flood. It also destroys cropland and damages infrastructures by flooding. It aggravates salinity, sodicity and water logging.

The Canal and Drainage Act prohibits interfering with the flow and waterways of drains, canals and river. No waterway is to be blocked or its flow altered or used. In 2010 flood, Canal and Drainage Act was violated by breaching bunds as satellite images show.    

WAPDA initiated mega projects like, Kachi Canal from Mithan Kot for Baluchistan, mega Drainage Project of SCARP, and another mega Drainage Project of NDP. The three mega projects miserably failed wasting 1000 billion rupees till seventy. In spite this, no technical inquiry was conducted to know the causes of failure of these mega projects and to know their correct solution. In fact, the solution for drainage lies in providing surface and sub-surface tile drainage, practiced all over the world but ignored by WAPDA. WAPDA surprisingly installed tube wells, a wrong concept that failed to remove and control salinity and sodicity. It rather circulates it.

There are one million small tube wells installed by the farmers in the Indus Basin after the failure of drainage schemes. These tube wells are pumping 250 million tons of injurious salts into the soil each year invisibly and gradually destroying it. No one takes notice.

Similarly, WAPDA could not conceive a single “All Pakistan Grand Canal” to irrigate area in three provinces of Dera Ismail Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan and Kachi Plain in Baluchistan by a single gravity flow canal from Chashma. WAPDA first tried Kachi Canal from Mithan Kot, but it was abandoned for a wrong alignment. Then Kachi Canal was re-aligned from Taunsa barrage for Baluchistan. WAPDA built the Chashma Right Bank Canal for two provinces of D.I.Khan, and for Dera Ghazi Khan. Now the Chashma Right Bank Lift Canal is proposed. WAPDA tried to irrigate lands on the right Bank of the Indus in pieces for the three provinces. WAPDA failed to conceive a single high-level gravity flow canal from Chashma to Sibi and onward on a higher elevation with better command, and less than half the cost. I proposed a single gravity flow “All Pakistan Grand Canal” in 1962 but no notice was taken by the Government.

For what secret purpose rapid silting Kalabagh Dam was provided “50 days restricted mid-level sluicing hydraulic design” in the tailored TOR by WAPDA to the Project Consultant? The Hydraulic design given by WAPDA in the tailored TOR became controversial with the hydraulic design of KBD Project Consultant provided by them in the Feasibility Report. The Consultant provided long life “100 days unrestricted low-level sluicing hydraulic design”. The Consultant state in the KBD Project Report, that WAPDA design will cause rapid silting upstream of the Attock Gorge, and unacceptable backwater flow, in Kabul River. The Project’s TOR, foundation of dam, height of dam, its power generation, and earthquake intensity factor are not in agreement with the Consultant. See Feasibility Report. Moreover, silting and backwater flow, will cause sever inundation of Peshawar valley up to elevation 970 as experienced this flood season without Kalabagh Dam. It will be hell with Kalabagh Dam.

Why WAPDA unnecessarily continued to maintain 36 years long status quo at the cost of (crippling load shedding resulting in billions of dollars loss, and historic devastation by 2010 massive flood destroying 22% of most fertile area of Pakistan)? This was all because of status quo created for Kalabagh Dam.

Why the unique 35-maf Katzarah Dam, with a life span of 1000 years capable of generating 15,000 MW of environment friendly hydropower, controlling super floods in the Indus, capable of irrigating 5 million acres of barren lands, was ignored and not built in 36 years when I first discovered it in 1962. Katzarah Dam would function as water shed management Dam to prevent heavy silt flow in to Tarbela and Basha Reservoirs.

Engr Fateh Ullah Khan former Chairman IRSA discovered Katzarah Dam in 1962, and confirmed by Dr Pieter Lieftnick Head of the World Team in 1968. WAPDA avoided the construction of Katzarah Dam, waiting to build KBD. This was a crime against the nation.

Similarly, I discovered in November 1960, the multipurpose Guroh Dop Dam with 8.5 maf  reservoir named Shigo Katch on Panjkora River with an annual run-off of about 3 maf. Swat River wing has also 3 maf of annual flow. The combine flow of Swat River and Panjkora River is 6 maf called Swat River. After meeting the water requirements of Lower Swat Canal System, and the Civil Canals, Guroh Dop Dam will be able to provide water to additional about 50,000 acres of land. Guroh Dop Dam will control super floods in Kabul River to protect Nowshera. It will generate 500 MW of Hydropower with a height of 450 feet of the dam. WAPDA ignored Guroh Dop dam due to ignorance, not knowing that there is a multipurpose dam about 7 to 8 miles on the upstream of Munda Dam on Panjkora River Arm of Swat River. Munda Dam is a single purpose 700 feet high power dam on Swat River Wing, and not flood control dam. Guroh Dop is cheaper than Munda. It has a life span of 1000 years due to excellent C.I. ratio and very little silt flow.

Charlatans in WAPDA have declared Munda Dam as flood control dam for lack of knowledge, and ignored Guroh Dop Dam for lack of investigations. This is a massive blunder. Therefore, avoid Munda and build the multipurpose Guroh Dop Dam. Guroh Dop dam for its massive reservoir of 8.5 maf is far better than Munda Dam with a reservoir capacity of 0.67 maf. Munda has no storage capacity to control floods. Munda is on run-of-the-river.  

WAPDA is committing fantastic blunder not to build Guroh Dop Dam. It has already committed blunder for 36 years for not building any dam although Tarbela and Mangla are silted up by 7.0 maf?

Why is it that WAPDA ignored the unique 35-maf Katzarah Dam and the multipurpose 8.5 maf Guroh Dop Dam when I discovered these dame sites since for the past about 50 years? Had these dams were built before, there would have been no devastating losses in billions of dollars from 2010 floods and no crippling load shedding?.

During 1959, I discovered a spectacular dam site at Khajuri Katch in (Dozakh Tangi or valley of hell) on Gomal River in South Waziristan Agency. Gomal River is notorious for super floods and destruction of the three districts by floodwater. On posting as Project Director Gomal Zam Dam in 1959, I discovered Khajuri Katch Dam site and started investigation for construction of the dam at new site, 30 miles downstream of old site on Gomal River. The work in progress at the old site at Gul Katch on Gomal River was stopped after Rs 2 crores were already spent by the department on a wrong dam site. It will be shocking to know that WAPDA completed Gomal Dam at new site after 50 years after I initiated it, just before 2010 floods. It will further be surprising to know that three districts of Tank, Kulachi and DIKhan that used to be destroyed by the floods of Gomal River are safe this year due to the construction of Gomal Dam and the creation of its huge reservoir at Adam Kok. The benefits of two stages of dam (before construction and after construction are before the nation to see the difference.

There is a dire need to provide “Land Drainage System” a vital component of Irrigation but is missing for more than a century. Natural surface drains have also disappeared due to encroachments. Healthy agriculture requires land drainage by providing surface and sub-surface tile drainage to reclaim 60% of land affected by salinity, sodicity and water logging to various degrees. This will increase crop yield many times. It will also improve quality of grains, and fruits. The fragrance of flower would be improved and flowers exported.

For setting right the multiDevastating economic water issues unwatched by
Media and NFC

The multi-dimensional water crisis created due to endemic water miss-management are not reported by the Media. Integrated Comprehensive water management and its components are Federal works for the provinces. It includes the components of flood control, (by building Katzarah Dam, Guroh Dop Dam, and the generation of hydropower). Its vital components are modernization of the wasteful and obsolete canal irrigation system as complete whole, to save massive wastage of water (equal to 8 times the storage of Basha Dam). Its integral part is drainage system that is missing in the Indus basin and shall have to be provided to remove and control salinity, sodicity and water logging. It includes the control on silt flow in the Indus to avoid rapid silting of reservoirs. These are not provincial subjects and are beyond the means of provinces to handle. Media vigorously exposed corruption, it should also expose multi-dimensional water issues and NFC to provide funds

See my web site on water issues and solutions:     ( fatehuk.blogspot.com)

I wonder if the Media and NFC know the apparent and hidden water issues!

This paper highlights two dozens multi-dimensional water crisis and economic blunders.

The Government, the bureaucracy, and the Parliament, failed to foresee and set right the multidimensional water and power crisis that devastated the country and the people, causing about 200 billion dollars losses. So much so, that even the Government does not know many of the existing silent multi-dimensional water crisis. Media and also NFC remained unaware, and silent to highlight these economic issues while distributing funds. Media represents people and is the admonitory agency to trigger activities. This sharp-edged-sword-agency should give more time to national economic development. It has great responsibility in building the Nation. Now-a-days Media obliges multifarious persons of little advantage by publishing their articles who want to raise their self-ego. The previous policy of Media was excellent as it use to keep the nation well informed of economic problems and developments. Media has ignored the multiple, devastating, economic water issues including flood control and hydropower. The President, and the Prime Minister are inaccessible so as to bring water issues to their notice. In such cases, their personal patronage is vital otherwise water issues will continue. Media should divert politics to the solution of water crisis and its development.

I have recently found that Newspapers are not publishing articles on the basis of their importance and public interest. For example, the endemic water miss-management is ignored. The media is not highlighting multi-dimensional water crisis, power crises that crippled the nation, flood crises that devastated 22% of the country, drainage crises that deteriorated the Indus basin causing salinity, sodicity and water logging, rapid silting crisis of reservoirs, food, and agriculture issues. The basic necessities of life have become very difficult to get. These crisis have raised the prices, stopped business and industrial activities and made jobs difficult. The policy of media needs change in the economic interest of the nation and in creating awareness about multiple water crisis.

Media should give regular time to capable specialists and experts to appear on TV Channels to give suggestions, and their views published in Newspapers. Experts should give suggestions and point out flaws. This will create revolution in development and assist Government and the people to build nation. The bureaucrats should be asked to come out of the status quo in which they are stuck. The country is facing devastating economic issues. These issues require support of Media to awaken the Government and the bureaucracy. Consider journalist engineers for regular reporting. The multiple economic crises for implement are: 

The implementation of the Integrated Comprehensive Water Mismanagement with all its components is vitally required. It includes canal system modernization to avoid colossal wastage of water, (8 times the storage of Basha Dam), storage of floodwater that goes waste, providing missing drainage system, carry out silt control, replacing flood irrigation method, replacing endemic WARABANDI besides land reclamation to eradicate and control salinity, sodicity and water logging and so on.  

The crippling multidimensional water issues that need immediate attention of the Media for inviting Government participation are;

Development of Water Resources by building mega, multipurpose Dams to store water for irrigating barren lands to meet food requirements of the rapidly growing population, control floods, and generate hydropower to remove crippling load shedding that caused about 100 billion dollars losses to the nation. Hydropower is the key to development.

Control the Super floods by building the unique, multipurpose, 35-maf of Katzarah Dam on the Indus that will generate 15,000 MW of Hydropower, store massive water for Irrigation, and effectively act as watershed management dam to control silt flow from the highly erodible soil of Skardu valley. Katzarah Dam will thus increase the life of Basha Dam from its estimated life of 80 or 90 years to about 800 years. Life of Tarbela will increase by about 50 years. The benefit would be worth at least $ 2000.

Controlling Super floods in Kabul River by building huge, multipurpose, 8.5-maf Guroh Dop Dam on Panjkora River that has an excellent capacity-inflow ratio to give long life span. Munda as proposed is a single purpose power dam on run-of-the-river. Munda Dam has negligible live storage capacity of 0.67 maf only. This negligible storage of 0.67 maf cannot control a flood discharge of 400,000 cusecs in Kabul River equal to 560 times the storage volume of Munda Dam. Chairman WAPDA wrongly stated in the daily The News dated November 27, 2010 that Munda will control floods in Kabul River to protect Nowshera.

By this date, we have lost due to silting a combine storage capacity up to about 7.0 maf in Tarbela and Mangla. This requires immediate replacement by a mega dam. Implementation of Water Accord paras 2, 4, 6, and replacement of lost storage at Tarbela and Mangla need (12.35+7+…)=19.35+… maf of water. Katzarah Dam can only meet this huge demand. Water Accord para 14(e), requires water management to save massive wastage of water in Canal Irrigation System.

The Indus River requires channelization to reduce huge losses (up to 16 maf) from the 14 miles wide riverbed between Chashma to Gddu barrage that includes theft of water. It will reclaim millions of acres of land on both sides of the riverbank for growing forest along the Indus River. Channelization would be easy after damming the Indus.

Modernization by water management of the 150 years old, endemic, wasteful, incompatible, and obsolete Canal Irrigation System in the Indus Basin will save about 50 maf of water equal to more than 8 times the storage capacity of Basha Dam or Kalabagh Dam. Neither the Media nor the Government paid attention to this endemic, wasteful system. The water issues if allowed to continue like this, will bring hunger and bloody revolutions in the near future. These economic problems are beyond the reach of provinces to finance. Therefore, Federal Government must set them right.

All natural surface drains in the country are blocked by encroachments due to negligence, as no body followed the “Canal and Drainage Act of 1887” to maintain surface drains. This has created sanitary problems. More serious is the problem, that rain and floodwater is held up for 5 months as during this flood. It also destroys cropland and damages infrastructures by flooding. It aggravates salinity, sodicity and water logging.

The Canal and Drainage Act prohibits interfering with the flow and waterways of drains, canals and river. No waterway is to be blocked or its flow altered or used. In 2010 flood, Canal and Drainage Act was violated by breaching bunds as satellite images show.    

WAPDA initiated mega projects like, Kachi Canal from Mithan Kot for Baluchistan, mega Drainage Project of SCARP, and another mega Drainage Project of NDP. The three mega projects miserably failed wasting 1000 billion rupees till seventy. In spite this, no technical inquiry was conducted to know the causes of failure of these mega projects and to know their correct solution. In fact, the solution for drainage lies in providing surface and sub-surface tile drainage, practiced all over the world but ignored by WAPDA. WAPDA surprisingly installed tube wells, a wrong concept that failed to remove and control salinity and sodicity. It rather circulates it.

There are one million small tube wells installed by the farmers in the Indus Basin after the failure of drainage schemes. These tube wells are pumping 250 million tons of injurious salts into the soil each year invisibly and gradually destroying it. No one takes notice.

Similarly, WAPDA could not conceive a single “All Pakistan Grand Canal” to irrigate area in three provinces of Dera Ismail Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan and Kachi Plain in Baluchistan by a single gravity flow canal from Chashma. WAPDA first tried Kachi Canal from Mithan Kot, but it was abandoned for a wrong alignment. Then Kachi Canal was re-aligned from Taunsa barrage for Baluchistan. WAPDA built the Chashma Right Bank Canal for two provinces of D.I.Khan, and for Dera Ghazi Khan. Now the Chashma Right Bank Lift Canal is proposed. WAPDA tried to irrigate lands on the right Bank of the Indus in pieces for the three provinces. WAPDA failed to conceive a single high-level gravity flow canal from Chashma to Sibi and onward on a higher elevation with better command, and less than half the cost. I proposed a single gravity flow “All Pakistan Grand Canal” in 1962 but no notice was taken by the Government.

For what secret purpose rapid silting Kalabagh Dam was provided “50 days restricted mid-level sluicing hydraulic design” in the tailored TOR by WAPDA to the Project Consultant? The Hydraulic design given by WAPDA in the tailored TOR became controversial with the hydraulic design of KBD Project Consultant provided by them in the Feasibility Report. The Consultant provided long life “100 days unrestricted low-level sluicing hydraulic design”. The Consultant state in the KBD Project Report, that WAPDA design will cause rapid silting upstream of the Attock Gorge, and unacceptable backwater flow, in Kabul River. The Project’s TOR, foundation of dam, height of dam, its power generation, and earthquake intensity factor are not in agreement with the Consultant. See Feasibility Report. Moreover, silting and backwater flow, will cause sever inundation of Peshawar valley up to elevation 970 as experienced this flood season without Kalabagh Dam. It will be hell with Kalabagh Dam.

Why WAPDA unnecessarily continued to maintain 36 years long status quo at the cost of (crippling load shedding resulting in billions of dollars loss, and historic devastation by 2010 massive flood destroying 22% of most fertile area of Pakistan)? This was all because of status quo created for Kalabagh Dam.

Why the unique 35-maf Katzarah Dam, with a life span of 1000 years capable of generating 15,000 MW of environment friendly hydropower, controlling super floods in the Indus, capable of irrigating 5 million acres of barren lands, was ignored and not built in 36 years when I first discovered it in 1962. Katzarah Dam would function as water shed management Dam to prevent heavy silt flow in to Tarbela and Basha Reservoirs.

Engr Fateh Ullah Khan former Chairman IRSA discovered Katzarah Dam in 1962, and confirmed by Dr Pieter Lieftnick Head of the World Team in 1968. WAPDA avoided the construction of Katzarah Dam, waiting to build KBD. This was a crime against the nation.

Similarly, I discovered in November 1960, the multipurpose Guroh Dop Dam with 8.5 maf  reservoir named Shigo Katch on Panjkora River with an annual run-off of about 3 maf. Swat River wing has also 3 maf of annual flow. The combine flow of Swat River and Panjkora River is 6 maf called Swat River. After meeting the water requirements of Lower Swat Canal System, and the Civil Canals, Guroh Dop Dam will be able to provide water to additional about 50,000 acres of land. Guroh Dop Dam will control super floods in Kabul River to protect Nowshera. It will generate 500 MW of Hydropower with a height of 450 feet of the dam. WAPDA ignored Guroh Dop dam due to ignorance, not knowing that there is a multipurpose dam about 7 to 8 miles on the upstream of Munda Dam on Panjkora River Arm of Swat River. Munda Dam is a single purpose 700 feet high power dam on Swat River Wing, and not flood control dam. Guroh Dop is cheaper than Munda. It has a life span of 1000 years due to excellent C.I. ratio and very little silt flow.

Charlatans in WAPDA have declared Munda Dam as flood control dam for lack of knowledge, and ignored Guroh Dop Dam for lack of investigations. This is a massive blunder. Therefore, avoid Munda and build the multipurpose Guroh Dop Dam. Guroh Dop dam for its massive reservoir of 8.5 maf is far better than Munda Dam with a reservoir capacity of 0.67 maf. Munda has no storage capacity to control floods. Munda is on run-of-the-river.  

WAPDA is committing fantastic blunder not to build Guroh Dop Dam. It has already committed blunder for 36 years for not building any dam although Tarbela and Mangla are silted up by 7.0 maf?

Why is it that WAPDA ignored the unique 35-maf Katzarah Dam and the multipurpose 8.5 maf Guroh Dop Dam when I discovered these dame sites since for the past about 50 years? Had these dams were built before, there would have been no devastating losses in billions of dollars from 2010 floods and no crippling load shedding?.

During 1959, I discovered a spectacular dam site at Khajuri Katch in (Dozakh Tangi or valley of hell) on Gomal River in South Waziristan Agency. Gomal River is notorious for super floods and destruction of the three districts by floodwater. On posting as Project Director Gomal Zam Dam in 1959, I discovered Khajuri Katch Dam site and started investigation for construction of the dam at new site, 30 miles downstream of old site on Gomal River. The work in progress at the old site at Gul Katch on Gomal River was stopped after Rs 2 crores were already spent by the department on a wrong dam site. It will be shocking to know that WAPDA completed Gomal Dam at new site after 50 years after I initiated it, just before 2010 floods. It will further be surprising to know that three districts of Tank, Kulachi and DIKhan that used to be destroyed by the floods of Gomal River are safe this year due to the construction of Gomal Dam and the creation of its huge reservoir at Adam Kok. The benefits of two stages of dam (before construction and after construction are before the nation to see the difference.

There is a dire need to provide “Land Drainage System” a vital component of Irrigation but is missing for more than a century. Natural surface drains have also disappeared due to encroachments. Healthy agriculture requires land drainage by providing surface and sub-surface tile drainage to reclaim 60% of land affected by salinity, sodicity and water logging to various degrees. This will increase crop yield many times. It will also improve quality of grains, and fruits. The fragrance of flower would be improved and flowers exported.

For setting right the multi-dimensional water crisis, “Integrated comprehensive water management” shall have to be carried out true to its technical definition. (The definition by ADB and World Bank includes various integrating components).  

A 40 years ban on forest cutting must be imposed. Timber may be imported free of all duties. Forest must be grown in a reach of 100 Km of the mountains on both sides of Tarbela Lake, as water is closely available.

It should have been foreseen that all purpose Karakoram Highway fit for dam construction carrying material should have been aligned and build at a higher elevation than the proposed Lake elevation of Katzarah Dam, Basha Dam, Dasu and Bunji Dam on the Indus River. This is unavoidable and is part of dam infrastructure. Indus is the only river where a numbers of mega dams can be built. We may create Indus Valley Authority for series of dams like as Tennessee Valley Authority.  


Wednesday, December 1, 2010

WAPDA's Ignorance Leads to Blunder



The daily "The News" dated 27/11/2010 published a news item under the title "Pakistan to be water-starved if dams not built says WAPDA Chairman". I agree!

But I disagree that "had Munda Dam been constructed, flooding would have been avoided in Nowshehra in August this year.The chairman informed that WAPDA was executing Munda dam on priority basis in the wake of devastating floods. This multipurpose project will not only help control floods but also ensure availability of irrigation water and provide low cost hydro-power."

The statement of WAPDA that Munda is flood control dam with the live storage capacity of 0.67maf and is on run of the river, is not only wrong but ridiculous. Charlatans in WAPDA and in bureaucracy are making fool of the government and the people who are devastated by floods.

A 500feet high, multipurpose, flood control, irrigation and hydro-power Guroh Dop Dam with storage capacity of 8.5maf, larger in storage then Basha Dam, generating about 500MW of hydro-power is located on Panjkora River 7-8 miles upstream  of Munda Dam. Where as, Munda Dam is located on the combined flow of River Swat and Panjkora.

Munda is single purpose dam basically designed for 740MW of hydro power (installed in capacity). Therefore, flood control, mega storage dam is the 8.5 maf Gurod Dop Dam and not 0.67 maf Munda Dam with negligible storage.
The real and most effective flood control dams to protect Pakistan from super floods are the 8.5 maf Guroh Dop Dam and the Unique 25 maf Katzarah Dam on the Indus River 20 miles downstream of Skardu.

How can 0.67 maf storage control 400,000 cusecs of flood water i.e. 560 times the storage of Munda in Kabul River.

Sunday, November 21, 2010

Govt., UN joint working suggest wrong flood handling method




Refer to the news item appeared in the daily The News dated 12.11.2010, under the title “Government, UN jointly working to protect future flood damages”

In this news item, the suggestions given by Government and the UN economic and social commission of Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) both, are wrong in planning and in basic approach to prevent the disaster of super floods. The suggested methodology of resilience to all vulnerability and future flood disaster is not only wrong but also ridiculous. The basic question is not the rapid ability to recover but to build dams as early as possible. It is not possible to control super floods without the construction of multipurpose dams at Katzarah on the Indus River, and Guroh Dop at Panjkora River.

Contrary to this, the group (ESCAP) wants to strengthen “a culture of flood disaster risk reduction by resilience” after devastation, and not by the control on floods by building dams to avoid devastation. The group wants our communities more resilient to future flood disasters. This means we should be prepared to face disasters and have the ability to quickly recover. We are asked to develop recuperative power when hit by the super floods.

The group misguides to suggest that we should develop a culture of disaster risk reduction in Pakistan. The group suggests handling post flood disaster and its issues. The group should have wisely suggested multipurpose dams to control super floods—a vital pre-flood measure. Post flood measure is an event when damages occur. This should be avoided.

We should be seriously concerned in controlling super floods by dams and avoid all post flood issues that caused large scale devastation and destructions causing $100 billion loss. We have lost more than 2000 human beings. The group suggests to restrain losses to the minimum when calamity strikes. Why not avoid the calamity by dams.

The real solution to control super floods in Pakistan is to build multipurpose, 35- maf Katzarah Dam on the Indus and multipurpose, 8.5-maf Guroh Dop Dam on Panjkora River. These two dams will save colossal water from going waste to sea, bring barren area under irrigated agriculture, and produce more food to feed the rapidly growing population. These dams will produce environment friendly hydropower, act as watershed management dam to prevent silt flow in the Indus River and increase the lifespan of all the downstream reservoirs and serve as long time flood control structure.

Refer again to another news item in the daily The News dated 11.11.2010 titled “Pakistan to raise devastating floods issue at UN conference”

It is a fact that greenhouse gases emission from developed and rich countries has caused global warming that resulted in devastating floods, ruining 22% of the most fertile and thickly populated area in Pakistan. It is the cash rich industrial countries responsible for greenhouse gases emission by presenting a strong linkage between global warming and recent devastating floods in Pakistan. Pakistan has therefore the right to claim $100 billion as compensation in flood damages due to climate change brought by the cash rich countries.

The poor countries suffered massive direct and indirect losses due to global warming because of the greenhouse gases emission by the rich countries.

Research work shows that global warming due to increasing emission of greenhouse gases by industrial nations was the main cause of floods in Pakistan.

Environmental expert said the recent floods have clearly proved that Pakistan is one of the worst victims of global warming despite the fact that it emits just 0.4 % of world greenhouse gases. The OIC has also formally blamed the flooding in Pakistan on global warming.    

Refer once more to the daily The News dated 12.11.2010 titled “CSO’s claims flaws in assessment of flood damages”

About 91 % claim flaws in assessment of flood damages. They said the visiting team did not inquire about the losses that includes millions of livestock, millions of houses, millions of acres of cropland, and almost all infrastructures in an area of 22% of Pakistan most populated and fertile area affected by floods. More than 2000 human beings were killed and more than 80% of reserved food stock were lost. The total direct and indirect losses are estimated to be $100 billion. The international community releasing greenhouse gases may pay for the losses. They should help recover flood losses due to global warming.

In addition to this, Pakistan suffered losses of more than $40 billion on fighting war on terror for the sake of world community. Pakistan is war torn country by the extremists because of protecting other nations. Besides this, unemployment and poverty is rampant. Pakistan cannot bear the burden of more loans to meet expenses on floods and to fight terrorism.

In view of the difficult circumstance beyond the control of Pakistan, the existing foreign debt at $55 billion may be waved off for the reasons of devastating floods and for fighting terrorism, keeping in view the stability of Pakistan required in the world interest to contain terrorism. Terrorists have destroyed thousands of schools, thousands of mosques, shrines almost in all cities of Pakistan besides shopping centers. They have destroyed roads, bridges and killed thousands of innocent people. The world community should pay for it as they imported terrorism to play politics. Terrorism must be contained otherwise it will spread all over the world.

Help in kind and not in cash       

I would recommend that the international community may help us in kind and not in cash. They should help build the 35-maf Katzarah Dam on the Indus and the 8.5 maf Guroh Dop Dam on Punjkora River.

The other vital project is to modernize the 150 years old, highly wasteful, incompatible, and obsolete Canal Irrigation System in the Indus basin.

After the execution of these three vital projects, we would economically become strong and would successfully defeat terrorism in which we are pushed in at international level.

In fact, this war is not our created war but Pakistan is caught in to the cobweb to share others war. In spite of jumping in to others war, whom we helped and suffered irreparable losses for their sake, they in return did not help us. On the contrary, they repeatedly say do more. We have done our best but they did not sincerely help. They refused to help us in Kashmir to settle the 60 years old dispute. So is the dispute of Junagarh, Manawadar and Hyderabad. The dispute of Kashmir is very serious as it can create water war or incite terrorism in the sub-continent.         
    
  

Saturday, November 6, 2010

The devastating floods of 2010



Floods of nearly similar intensity occurred during 1841, 1929 and 1994 in Pakistan jurisdiction as well as in adjoining countries but damages to human life, animal life, infrastructures, record damages to villages affecting 4 million of population and their large scale displacement, damages to vast crop lands and wheat stock were never of this magnitude. The 2010 super flood and heavy rains devastated more than 22% of Pakistan’s most developed and thickly populated area.

The flood of 2010 is unique in a way that it is almost Pakistan specific. This is amazing. This unique aspect of the flood needs investigation why is it so? It is surprising that the neighbouring countries were safe against such violent floods.

The 2010 floods are ravaging. The Indus valley – throughout history nothing of this magnitude has been witnessed in the region. A completely unannounced weather anomaly that played havoc with the monsoon jet stream creating a monsoon of gigantic proportion completely off the scale. May be some one is interfering with the earth’s ionosphere to control weather. This needs investigations if this be true.

The use of HAARP technology to control weather and cause floods!

Please refer to HAAP web site technology. The internet gives information as;” May be that HAARP weapon have been used as an experiment to create floods by interfering with ionosphere. HAARP is a technology used for star wars defense programme”.

“HAARP is a scientific endeavor aimed at studying the properties and behavior of the ionosphere, with particular emphasis on being able to understand and use it to enhance communications and surveillance system for both civilian and defense purposes”.

“HAARP works like a super powerful ionosphere heater that control weather”.

“HAARP technology is used as a weapon every much as destructive as atomic weapons used on Okinawa and Nagasaki”.

“HAARP represents a potentially significant global threat. It has the potential to modify the weather, using natural forces as weapon of war, causing earthquakes, storms, floods, volcanic disturbances, hurricanes. I got this information from the inter-net. I am not sure if this is true or not. The department of Weather and the Ministry of Science should investigate this if this could be possible. We should investigate to know why floods of 2010 are almost Pakistan specific”.

Responsibility on those who did not build dams after 1974 (on completion of Tarbela)

The death of the reservoir starts the day it is built. Nevertheless, we too are very much responsible for not building flood control dams for 46 years. We are a self-destroyed nation. We failed to protect forest, and failed to maintain surface drainage system that disappeared due to negligence. Therefore, floodwater was not evacuated safely and quickly. Besides this, there was no flood management, no flood control supervision, and no properly equipped disaster management.

Flood Mismanagement, alleged breaches in bunds by influential that caused large scale devastation. Interference with the waterway of the Indus River downstream Guddu barrage creating two waterways that inundated vast areas

This year floods are highly mismanaged as numerous unauthorized breaches were made by influential to save their properties from flooding. This is not only illegal but is criminal. Floods were not foreseen. Moreover, it was completely governance failure not to manage floods and properly handle the disaster. Therefore, people have challenged man made breaches in bunds in the court. Interference with floods took to such an extent that onward Guddu barrage, the Indus waterway has been split into two waterways that caused large scale damages. The satellite images are a proof for that. (two images are attached).

Interfering with the route of flood flow

Moreover, it has been observed that the speed of floodwater flowing on the downstream to sea was very slow because floodwater was flowing over the built up area as its established route was changed by breaches in the bunds and canal banks. It took very long time to reach the sea. Some depressions are still filled with floodwater that are the source of diseases. This was because flood flow was diverted over the built up area, cropped land, villages and through low land/depressions by unauthorized breaches and by changing the course of natural and established waterways. The floodwater spread over a vast area. Besides this, another cause of low speed of floodwater flow is that all the natural surface drains were blocked by encroachments, therefore, floodwater inundated the cropped lands, habitation, roads and other infrastructures.    

Causes of Floods

The basic cause of floods and devastation is that no multipurpose mega dams were built on the Indus River, Swat River and Panjkora River in 36 years to control and conserve super floods. Unfortunately, there are no dam sites on Kabul River, Jehlum River and Chinab River with in Pakistan. Floods have therefore free flow conditions to cause destruction.

The second cause of flashflood is of indiscriminate cutting of forest by timber mafia when rainwater develops in to flash floods.

The next cause of flood is devastation in sheet flow of floodwater due to the disappearance of natural surface drains and their waterways due to encroachments by the people, causing large scale inundation of land as natural waterways of drains are blocked. “The Canal and Drainage Act of 1887” requires the departments to maintain all natural surface drains in good order.

There exists no proper flood warning system so the people are taken by surprise by the super floods. There was no proper disaster management equipments.

Big Dams are vitally needed on the Indus to control super floods as similar devastating floods are likely to be repeated any time.

The most effective measure to control floods is to build multipurpose mega dams on the Indus River, Swat River and Panjkora River. Dams on these rivers must be planned keeping in view the Capacity-inflow Ratio while selecting the best dam site with long service value, so as to have long life span of the reservoir. This will have long time flood control.

Pakistan is handicapped, as there are no dam sites on Kabul River, Jehlum River and Chinab River with in the boundary of Pakistan to control super floods from these rivers. Therefore, Indus River and Panjkora Rivers are the only rivers with unique dam sites and unique reservoirs for controlling super floods in the country. There is no other way to control floods.

 Unfortunately, due to shear negligence and lack of investigation, these two dams are not in the notice of WAPDA, though I submitted their preliminary feasibility reports in 1960 and 1962. The country’s leading Newspapers published my reports on these dams many times. I as Chairman IRSA in 1994 wrote to the Ministry of Water and Power to build the two vital dams that would solve many water issues.

WAPDA’s inactive role in building Dams created status quo for 36+10=46 years that caused many water and hydropower issues like damages by super floods, crippling load shedding, inter-provincial water dispute due to shortage of water

WAPDA’s inert role has created many water and hydropower issues by not building flood control multipurpose dams after the construction of Tarbela Dam in 1974 that is 36 years ago. Basha Dam will take another 10 years to complete. This means WAPDA deprived Pakistan of multipurpose dams for a period of 46 years. This has created crippling load shedding for years and years that paralyzed industries, business facilities and domestic life. It has created water shortage for irrigation, that in turn, created inter-provincial water dispute.

 The existing reservoirs at Tarbela, Mangle and Chashma are silted up by about 6.6 maf. This year silting of reservoirs by super flood will cross the figure of 7.0 maf. Such huge silting of dams is terrible as no watershed management is carried out by WAPDA to prevent rapid silting of reservoirs. In short, the country suffered losses due to floods in hundreds of billions of dollars.

Water Accord provides building of dams under the IRSA Act. Water Accord paras 2, 4, 6 and para 14(e) are not implemented for the past about 20 years to build dams and create storage and avoid inter-provincial water disputes. Building of dams for Water Accord implementation will also control super floods.

 Moreover, the 7.0 maf storage already lost due to silting requires mega multipurpose dams as replacement storage. Shortage of water and shortage hydropower also requires multipurpose mega dams. WAPDA completely failed to build dams removing shortage of water and hydropower to avoid crippling load shedding and the colossal damages due to uncontrolled super floods. Pakistan urgently needs to create storage capacity up to 50 maf and power generation up to 50,000 MW of power by the year 2025.

WAPDA incapable to initiate multipurpose mega dams

I discovered 12 multipurpose flood control mega dams including the unique dams at Katzarah and at Guroh Dop during 1959 to 1962 and prepared their preliminary feasibility reports and sent them to WAPDA for action. WAPDA took no notice, specially, on the two unique dams.

 In1994, I suggested to create Indus Valley Authority to build series of dams on the Indus and elsewhere. The Ministry of water and Power took no notice of it. WAPDA has badly failed to investigate, conceive, plan and execute multipurpose dams.

WAPDA initiated mega drainage projects with wrong planning concepts that failed wasting billions of rupees.

WAPDA initiated drainage project, called SCARPs that failed due to wrong and ridiculous project planning concept. WAPDA again failed to execute another drainage project by the name of National Drainage Project (NDP) due to wrong concept. Rs 750 billion were then wasted by the failure of these two projects due to wrong project planning concepts of installing tube wells instead of providing surface and sub-surface tile drainage practiced all over the world. No technical enquiry was carried out why wrong planning concept was adopted in spite of objection by me. I suggested sub-surface tile drainage to physically evacuate salts out of the area. This proves, WAPDA does not know the technical definition of Drainage, Irrigation and Leaching.

 Similarly, Kachi Canal, taken off from Mithan Kot was abandoned due to wrong alignment. These are WAPDA wrong deeds.

Over and above, WAPDA made Kalabagh Dam politically controversial and technically infeasible for giving tailored TOR to KBD Project Consultants. WAPDA dictated wrong hydraulic design to the Consultants that is (50 flood days restricted mid-level sluicing design) that could not evacuate silt, nor produce 3450 MW of power, therefore the Consultants did not agree to WAPDA design and suggested the right type of hydraulic design to evacuate silt (100 flood days unrestricted low-level sluicing design). But WAPDA disagreed with the Consultants design.

 Besides this, WAPDA instructed the KBD Consultants to provide 2000 MW of Thermal Power Plant attached to the project to make up the deficiency of hydropower generation from the dam due to its wrong hydraulic design. This is ridiculous. Besides this, there are serious flaws that make the KBD infeasible. In spite of all this, WAPDA created status quo for 36 years initiating no other dam but waiting to execute KBD.                        

The Unique super flood control 35-maf Katzarah Dam on the Indus near Skardu

I discovered the unique Katzarah Dam with a storage capacity of 35 maf in 1962, and prepared its prefeasibility report and send it to WAPDA and the Ministry of Agriculture. Dr Pieter Lieftnick head of the World Bank Team confirmed the 35-maf Katzarah Dam in 1968.

Katzarah storage capacity is 6 times the storage capacity of Basha Dam or KBD. The power generation capability of Katzarah Dam is up to 15,000 MW. It is super flood control. Katzarah can irrigate about 5 million acres of barren lands and can rehabilitate millions of jobless people.

 Katzarah has the unique quality of preventing silt flow in the Indus water by submerging the highly erodible soil of Skardu valley—the source of silt in the Indus water, and act as watershed management dam. Due to this quality, the lifespan of Basha Dam will increase from 80 years to 800 years. Tarbela life would also increase. Katzarah is the cheapest dam in the world per maf of storage water, per MW of power generation, per year of life span, per year of service value. It is an all purpose dam with a life span of 1000 years.

 An excellent, super flood control 8.5 maf Guroh Dop Dam on Punjkora River

It is surprising WAPDA has no knowledge of a multipurpose, wonderful, flood control dam at Guroh Dop on Punjkora River about 8 miles upstream of Munda Dam site. WAPDA wrongly claims that Munda is flood control dam because its live storage is only 0.67 maf that will silt up soon. Munda is only single purpose power dam due to its low storage capacity and is not a multipurpose flood control and irrigation dam as wrongly claimed by WAPDA. WAPDA is misguiding the Government by calling Munda as flood control and irrigation dam. WAPDA has ignored the multipurpose Guroh Dop Dam due to ignorance and lack of investigation. Guroh Dop Dam site is closely located to Munda Dam on its upstream but is overlooked by WAPDA. This is a criminal act of great negligence. It makes the ability of WAPDA negatively low, unsafe, unreliable causing waste of money.    

Guroh Dop Dam storage capacity is larger than the storage of Basha Dam or KBD. It will produce 500 MW of power and provide irrigation facilities to about 50,000 acres of barren land. There is possibility of diverting Chitral River water by building Mirani Dam on Chitral River and divert its flow through a tunnel discharging in to the catchment area of Guroh Dop Dam for storage at its huge reservoir at Shigo Katch. This will mitigate floods in Kabul River.

Katzarah and Guroh Dop are vital as super flood control dams. These two dams would solve all the water shortage issues of Pakistan. These two dams would meet power requirements. Had these two dams were built in time, the colossal damages caused by the 2010 floods would have been avoided and there would have been no crippling load shedding and inter-provincial water dispute due to shortage of water.

 I quote the example of Gomal Zam flood control dam that saved the two districts from devastation from 2010 flood. The multipurpose flood control Gomal Zam Dam at Khajuri Katch on the notorious Gomal Zam River initiated by me in 1959 and completed by WAPDA in 50 years in 2010, protected the two districts of D.I.Khan and Tank including Kulachi tehsil from devastating floods. Gomal Zam caused terrible losses due to floods each year and is notorious for devastating floods.  

Development of forest to mitigate the fury of floods

The dire need is to ban forest cutting for 40 years.

The Government should allow import of timber free of all taxes include sale tax to meet the country’s timber requirements and not depend on own forest.

At least 10% of new irrigation projects should grow forest specially deodar and shisham trees so that our main forest area remains untouched.

Farmers in the country should grow trees along the boundary of their fields.

All Government land should grow forest and should not be allotted free of cost

Forest should be grown along the 100 Km long mountains on the left and right of Tarbela Lake, as water is available and can be lifted by small submersible pumps.

Canal and Drainage Act is violated due to encroachments, thereby blocking their waterways.

According to the Canal and Drainage Act of 1887, no one is allowed under the Act to interfere with drains, encroach on it and block its flow/waterway. Most of these drains are classified drains and are supposed to be looked after as canals. The network of drains is on books. Drains are meant to evacuate safely the rain and flood water. Prior permission from the Irrigation department is necessary even if a small culvert is required for building ona drain.

Unfortunately, all natural surface drains in the country have disappeared. These drains are  neglected with the result that people have blocked their waterways and encroached on their waterways. Therefore, natural surface drainage system that evacuates rain and floodwater has almost disappeared due to the negligence of the department who maintained them. Floodwater cannot be safely and quickly discharged to sea as waterways no longer exist. Big drains on GT Road lying between Islamabad and Lahore on which huge bridges were built are silted up due to negligence by blocking their waterways. As a result, the rain and floodwater has no waterway for safe passage to sea. The floodwater therefore, spreads all over the vast cropped area damaging crops, infrastructures and villages.

The rehabilitative nature of dams

Dams are multipurpose structures. Multipurpose storage dams are built to control and conserve floodwater that goes waste to sea and destroys cropland, villages, human and animal population, infrastructures and everything that it inundates. Dams generate hydropower, Dams provides irrigation facilities to vast barren areas, bringing lands under irrigated agriculture, providing food for the growing population. It will provide jobs to huge number of population to be engaged on the development of lands and bringing them under irrigated agriculture. Dams brings economic prosperity but Government has given no attension,

The basic function of 35-maf Katzarah Dam and the 8.5 maf Guroh Dop Dam is multipurpose. These two vital dams would control super floods, generate hydropower up to 15,000 MW, irrigate new barren areas of about 5 million acres and provides jobs to millions of jobless people. Many agro-based industries can be set up besides large scale agro based business. These dams would remove crippling load shedding and settle once for all, the inter-provincial Water dispute that is mainly due to water shortage. Dams control floodwater that goes waste to sea and preserve it for the use of irrigated agriculture to produce food. Katzarah Dam unique quality is to function as Watershed Management Dam by preventing silt flow to all the downstream reservoirs and prolong their lifespan.

Enclosure;

Two satellite images show new man-made waterway due to interference. A new waterway is developed by floods downstream of Guddu Barrage on the Indus. Satellite images are attached for study.




Saturday, October 2, 2010

India diverting Water and Power from occupied Kashmir to Rajasthan to dry Pakistan

India creating millions of acre feet of live storage on six rivers in violation of IWT to deprive Pakistan of water for Rabi and early Kharif crops. Pakistan will be deprived of about 10 maf of dead storage and about 15 maf of live storage by the year 2016 on completion of the network of dams on six rivers.

Water is life-saving natural resource but is used by India as Weapon of mass Destruction because of wrong partition of India

Unjust partition of India by the British created Kashmir dispute and water issues that may lead to nuclear conflict in South Asia

India is building dozens of dams on each river specially on Chinab and Jehlum,  diverting millions of acre feet of dead storage and live storage from occupied Kashmir to Rajasthan besides hydropower. This is violation of IWT. The Indus Waters Treaty provides generation of hydropower on run-of-the-river with no or nominal live storage. It does not allow to build 827 feet high Barsar Dam to create huge dead and live storage. India is building substantial cumulative dead and live storage to run Pakistan dry and deprive it of Rabi and Kharif crops.

Over and above, India is drawing seepage water of rivers as groundwater through tube wells that is actually the perennial river flow. This reduces perennial flow to Pakistan. Chinab River flow has dropped from 21 maf to 14 maf after the construction of Baglihar Dam. It shows 7 maf of water disappeared from Chinab so far.

Indian intension is not to allow a drop of water from Chinab and Jehlum rivers go down to Pakistan during the keen demand period for Rabi and early Kharif crops. India is bent upon turning the land of five sparkling, live rivers into the land of dead rivers.

India is building hundreds of very high (827 feet, 475 feet …) to medium and small sized dams on the Indus, the Jehlum, Chinab, Ravi, Sutlege and Bias rivers including their tributaries in occupied Kashmir. This will stop perennial flow of water to Pakistan for a period of about 6 to 7 winter months. India plans to convert the world’s largest contiguous canal irrigation system into desert. This is blatant violation of the IWT and the international laws on water rights of lower riparian.

India plans to build a network of dams on six rivers inter-connecting their perennial flows with in the catchment area of occupied Kashmir using the full slope potential of each river. The network plan will be completed by 2016. By then, it will completely cut-off Rabi and early Kharif water supplies to Pakistan that it inherits since 2600 BC. The perennial storage water would be diverted to Rajisthan. Partition of India cannot snatch water rights. The boundary line has to be re-drawn, if nuclear war is to be avoided.

Tarbela and Mangla have silted up by 6.6 maf. This lost replacement storage requires to be replenished under the Treaty as Pakistan gave perennial flow of the three Eastern rivers to India and got in exchange perennial stored water. This stored water needs to be replenished perennially after its silting up.

India misuses the natural water resource as weapon of mass destruction, to covert Pakistan into desert, and to subject 200 million of population to sever famine and hunger.

The sub-continent is wrongly divided. It enabled India to control water supply to Pakistan. India can  use water as a weapon of destruction.

All the canal head works went to India along with the occupied Kashmir the source of origin of the six rivers and the Muslim majority area. This was great injustice. It has sown the seed of nuclear war. Nuclear war is therefore hanging on the sub-continent and on its 1.4 million peoples as the sword of Damocles.

The need arises to settle the Kashmir dispute with the active diplomatic support of USA, UN and the world nations keeping in view the UN 60 years, old resolution on Kashmir. The earth cannot face dangerous radioactive environment, as a result of nuclear war. This should be avoided as it would destroy the earth’s environment. There will be no gainer.  

Therefore, water issues and Kashmir dispute do not only concern Pakistan and India but the whole world. India should settle the Kashmir dispute and water issues by meaningful talks at the earliest. Occupied Kashmir is the Muslim majority area. The origin of all the six rivers lie in occupied Kashmir. More over, the head works of the three Eastern Rivers lie in India.

 For amicable settlement, occupied Kashmir be exchanged for the State of Hyderabad Daccan, the State of Junagarh and Manawadar- Hindu majority areas but acceded to Pakistan.

A nuclear war in the sub-continent should send shivers around the world as it would damage the whole environment on earth. After all, it is not only a matter about the destruction of the sub-continent but of the whole earth itself.

Nuclear radiation would cause radioactive rains, land under crop would become radioactive, sources of drinking water would become radioactive, and weather would change drastically. It would cause rapid depletion of ozone layer. Radioactivity would bring genetic changes in all living creatures including human beings for generations. It would cause genetic abnormalities. Life in all form would extinguish. There would be no photosynthesis.

India did not settle Kashmir dispute according to UN resolution for the past 60 years. India is boldly violating IWT. India is not releasing relevant data on dams as required by the IWT. India uses water as the weapon of mass destruction. India that wears the garb of the largest democracy killed hundred thousands of Kashmiri. India is now planning to kill 180 million Pakistani by stopping perennial water for Rabi and early Kharif crop causing famine and hunger. India should not force Pakistan to become nuclear suicide bomber.                    





India’s water steeling strategy to convert Pakistan into desert

The actual data on dams, either built, or to be built is with India. India would never disclose this information for fear of violation of the Indus Waters Treaty, as that would be a documentary proof against India for violation of the Treaty.

The Government of Pakistan should get this information through the agencies. Besides this, the Government of Pakistan, under the provision of the Treaty can officially demand the relevant data from India on all dams built on all rivers in occupied Kashmir. They can further ask where this huge storage water created in occupied Kashmir would be used besides the hydropower.

The waters of six rivers originating in occupied Kashmir, is diverted to Rajisthan to feed the Indra Gandhi Canal System. This is shear violation of the Indus Waters Treaty.

India is building dams in occupied Kashmir since for the passed more than 40 years. The flow of Eastern Rivers during the Rabi and early Kharif crops would be drastically reduced. Similarly, the flow of Chinab River and then Jhelum River is badly affected. The situation would be most serious by the year 2016 when India would build and complete the network of inter-connecting dams on six rivers. India would never give relevant information to Pakistan at all.     

However, rough indications calculated by me from “the rivers flow data compiled by IRSA” show shortages on the (Western Rivers plus the Eastern Rivers) as roughly about 50.473 maf during the low supply period. This shortage includes partly due to whether conditions and specifically due to the building of dozens of dams on six rivers and their tributaries. This proves India is steeling water to irrigate millions of acres of land. Such a vast area is not available in Kashmir. The water and power is used for irrigation in Rajithan.   

The Treaty allows India to build dams only to generate hydropower. This means the dam should only create dead storage with nominal live storage. A 2.85 maf of live storage is allowed on the Western Rivers and 1.34 maf on the eastern rivers. More live storage than 4.19 maf is violation of IWT.

Against this, the cumulative loss of water on six rivers is 50.473 maf as indirectly worked out by me from the river flow data collected by IRSA. The specific loss of water on the three Eastern Rivers has come to about 11.251 maf after the construction of 476 feet high Baglihar Dam on Chinab River.

The loss of water on the Western Rivers is 39.222 maf. The total loss of water comes to 39.222+11.251 = 50.473 maf. India is building Barsar Dam on Chinab River that is the tallest dam with a height of 829 feet that is about twice the height of Tarbela dam (450 feet). It will store a lot of live and dead storage on Chinab River. India should officially be asked to give data on dams.

It is learned from an occupied Kashmiri citizen that India is planning to build a 48 Km long diversion tunnel on the Indus near Kargil to divert the flow and change the course of the Indus River to feed the network of dams interlinking with one another so that the natural resources of water and power from occupied Kashmir is used in Indian territory.  The construction of tunnel  need  confirmation.

India is building a 22 Km long tunnel for Neelum Jhelum Project to divert water for Kishan Ganga power project that threatens Pakistan’s 930 MW Neelum Jhelum Project. India is also building the 690 MW Rattle hydroelectrict Power Project.

India has embarked upon the construction of a huge network of water storage facility, the National River Linking Projects at an estimated cost of about $ 300 billion likely to be completed by 2016. This includes the construction of Barsur multipurpose power projects, Siwal kot Dam, Dul hasti Dam, Dogar Dam, Gandhala Dam, Reoli/Dugli Dam, Sachkhas Dam, Tandi Dam, Telihg Tinget Dam, Seli Dam, Raoli Dam, Kirthal hydropower project and Pakot Dul Dam on Chinab River.

Dead storage created by dams in millions of acre feet built in occupied Kashmir is a loss of water to Pakistan once. One maf of water gives a benefit worth $ 2 billion. Suppose a medium sized dam creates a dead storage of 0.2 maf of water, then 50 dams on the average would create a dead storage of 10 maf or a loss of $20 billion to Pakistan. Dead storage should be limited.

 A diversion of 20 maf live storage would create a loss of $ 40 billion each year. No one knows what is actually happening in occupied Kashmir. The Government of Pakistan should know that this grave situation is going to bring famine conditions in Pakistan, specially in Rabi after the year 2016. Beside power shortage, there would be food shortage and famine conditions in Pakistan. WAPDA was established to create storage to meet water and hydropower needs of Pakistan but no dam is built after 1974. This shows WAPDA’s failure.

It is suggested that WAPDA’s head quarter must immediately be shifted to Islamabad like that of IRSA for close coordination with other concerned organizations. WAPDA’s water wing should be bifurcated from its power wing so that WAPDA concentrates on building dams, irrigation systems and drainage systems to reclaim saline lands.

Food production must be given top priority, and WAPDA must coordinate with PARC and the Ministry of Agriculture, and Ministry of Water, the Planning Commission, the IRSA and the other relevant provincial departments. It appears there is no one to take notice of the deteriorating land due to salinity, power shortage, water shortage, food shortage, rapid silting of reservoirs, and ignore building of the unique dam at Katzarah on the Indus 20 miles downstream of Skardu town. I discovered Katzarah dam site in 1962, and by Dr Pieter Lieftnick head of the World Bank Team confirmed it in 1968. Please know why Katzarah Dam is ignored by WAPDA?               

Chart Showing Shortages
(Source: IRSA)
Indus
1994-95
73.943 (maf)
Jhelum
1992-93
32.000 (maf)
Chinab
1994-95
30.204 (maf)
Total Western Rivers
1994-95
136.147 (maf)
Indus
2009-10
58.035 (maf)
Jhelum
2009-10
21.039 (maf)
Chinab
2009-10
17.851 (maf)
Total Western Rivers
2009-10
96.925 (maf)
                                                                                                 
Western Rivers shortages
Between 1994-95 to 2009-10
136.147 - 96.925 = 39.222 (maf)


Eastern Rivers
1994-95
12.877 (maf)
Eastern Rivers
2007-08
1.626 (maf)
Eastern Rivers shortages
between 1994-95 to 2007-08
12.877 - 1.162 = 11.251 (maf)

Total shortage Western and Eastern Rivers
between 1994-95 to 2007-08
39.222 + 11.251 = 50.473 (maf)